NeoEGM.com » Programming

How to compile C++ console programs which support special characters (ISO-8859-1)

NeoEGM — Fri, 21 Aug 2009 05:00:24 +0000

The GCC compiler (or G++) does not always work with our source code files just as we would expect it to. This specially happens when there are special characters in our files (the ones with ASCII codes higher than 127).

Take the following program as a sample (the strings are written in spanish):

#include 
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;

#include 
using std::string;

int main()
{
	string sDummy;

	cout << "Por favor ingrese su contraseña: ";
	cin >> sDummy;

	cout << endl;
	cout << "Su contraseña es inválida, por favor verifíquela e inténtelo nuevamente. Ha ingresado: '" << sDummy << "'." << endl;

	return 0;
}

Let’s compile it…

g++ TestChars.cpp -o TestChars.exe

And execute it… We can easily imagine the output… But… This is what we get:

Por favor ingrese su contrase±a: contraseña

Su contrase±a es invßlida, por favor veriffquela e intTntelo nuevamente. Ha ingresado: 'contraseña'.

Notice that the string that we’ve just typed (“contraseña”) gets correctly printed, while the ones hard-coded in the program don’t.

So… What can we do?

Well, there are some compiler command line parameters ready to help us… They are the finput-charset and fexec-charset command line arguments…

Both take as additional parameter a charset name from the ones supported by the compiler…

For the interested ones, here is the output of the charsets supported by the library that GCC uses to make the conversion… They may not be the same on every system…

# iconv --list
The following list contain all the coded character sets known.  This does not necessarily mean that all combinations of these names can be used for the FROM and TO command line parameters.  One coded character set can be listed with several different names (aliases).

437, 500, 500V1, 850, 851, 852, 855, 856, 857, 860, 861, 862, 863, 864, 865, 866, 866NAV, 869, 874, 904, 1026, 1046, 1047, 8859_1, 8859_2, 8859_3, 8859_4, 8859_5, 8859_6, 8859_7, 8859_8, 8859_9, 10646-1:1993, 10646-1:1993/UCS4, ANSI_X3.4-1968, ANSI_X3.4-1986, ANSI_X3.4, ANSI_X3.110-1983, ANSI_X3.110, ARABIC, ARABIC7, ARMSCII-8, ASCII, ASMO-708, ASMO_449, BALTIC, BIG-5, BIG-FIVE, BIG5-HKSCS, BIG5, BIG5HKSCS, BIGFIVE, BRF, BS_4730, CA, CN-BIG5, CN-GB, CN, CP-AR, CP-GR, CP-HU, CP037, CP038, CP273, CP274, CP275, CP278, CP280, CP281, CP282, CP284, CP285, CP290, CP297, CP367, CP420, CP423, CP424, CP437, CP500, CP737, CP775, CP803, CP813, CP819, CP850, CP851, CP852, CP855, CP856, CP857, CP860, CP861, CP862, CP863, CP864, CP865, CP866, CP866NAV, CP868, CP869, CP870, CP871, CP874, CP875, CP880, CP891, CP901, CP902, CP903, CP904, CP905, CP912, CP915, CP916, CP918, CP920, CP921, CP922, CP930, CP932, CP933, CP935, CP936, CP937, CP939, CP949, CP950, CP1004, CP1008, CP1025, CP1026, CP1046, CP1047, CP1070, CP1079, CP1081, CP1084, CP1089, CP1097, CP1112, CP1122, CP1123, CP1124, CP1125, CP1129, CP1130, CP1132, CP1133, CP1137, CP1140, CP1141, CP1142, CP1143, CP1144, CP1145, CP1146, CP1147, CP1148, CP1149, CP1153, CP1154, CP1155, CP1156, CP1157, CP1158, CP1160, CP1161, CP1162, CP1163, CP1164, CP1166, CP1167, CP1250, CP1251, CP1252, CP1253, CP1254, CP1255, CP1256, CP1257, CP1258, CP1282, CP1361, CP1364, CP1371, CP1388, CP1390, CP1399, CP4517, CP4899, CP4909, CP4971, CP5347, CP9030, CP9066, CP9448, CP10007, CP12712, CP16804, CPIBM861, CSA7-1, CSA7-2, CSASCII, CSA_T500-1983, CSA_T500, CSA_Z243.4-1985-1, CSA_Z243.4-1985-2, CSA_Z243.419851, CSA_Z243.419852, CSDECMCS, CSEBCDICATDE, CSEBCDICATDEA, CSEBCDICCAFR, CSEBCDICDKNO, CSEBCDICDKNOA, CSEBCDICES, CSEBCDICESA, CSEBCDICESS, CSEBCDICFISE, CSEBCDICFISEA, CSEBCDICFR, CSEBCDICIT, CSEBCDICPT, CSEBCDICUK, CSEBCDICUS, CSEUCKR, CSEUCPKDFMTJAPANESE, CSGB2312, CSHPROMAN8, CSIBM037, CSIBM038, CSIBM273, CSIBM274, CSIBM275, CSIBM277, CSIBM278, CSIBM280, CSIBM281, CSIBM284, CSIBM285, CSIBM290, CSIBM297, CSIBM420, CSIBM423, CSIBM424, CSIBM500, CSIBM803, CSIBM851, CSIBM855, CSIBM856, CSIBM857, CSIBM860, CSIBM863, CSIBM864, CSIBM865, CSIBM866, CSIBM868, CSIBM869, CSIBM870, CSIBM871, CSIBM880, CSIBM891, CSIBM901, CSIBM902, CSIBM903, CSIBM904, CSIBM905, CSIBM918, CSIBM921, CSIBM922, CSIBM930, CSIBM932, CSIBM933, CSIBM935, CSIBM937, CSIBM939, CSIBM943, CSIBM1008, CSIBM1025, CSIBM1026, CSIBM1097, CSIBM1112, CSIBM1122, CSIBM1123, CSIBM1124, CSIBM1129, CSIBM1130, CSIBM1132, CSIBM1133, CSIBM1137, CSIBM1140, CSIBM1141, CSIBM1142, CSIBM1143, CSIBM1144, CSIBM1145, CSIBM1146, CSIBM1147, CSIBM1148, CSIBM1149, CSIBM1153, CSIBM1154, CSIBM1155, CSIBM1156, CSIBM1157, CSIBM1158, CSIBM1160, CSIBM1161, CSIBM1163, CSIBM1164, CSIBM1166, CSIBM1167, CSIBM1364, CSIBM1371, CSIBM1388, CSIBM1390, CSIBM1399, CSIBM4517, CSIBM4899, CSIBM4909, CSIBM4971, CSIBM5347, CSIBM9030, CSIBM9066, CSIBM9448, CSIBM12712, CSIBM16804, CSIBM11621162, CSISO4UNITEDKINGDOM, CSISO10SWEDISH, CSISO11SWEDISHFORNAMES, CSISO14JISC6220RO, CSISO15ITALIAN, CSISO16PORTUGESE, CSISO17SPANISH, CSISO18GREEK7OLD, CSISO19LATINGREEK, CSISO21GERMAN, CSISO25FRENCH, CSISO27LATINGREEK1, CSISO49INIS, CSISO50INIS8, CSISO51INISCYRILLIC, CSISO58GB1988, CSISO60DANISHNORWEGIAN, CSISO60NORWEGIAN1, CSISO61NORWEGIAN2, CSISO69FRENCH, CSISO84PORTUGUESE2, CSISO85SPANISH2, CSISO86HUNGARIAN, CSISO88GREEK7, CSISO89ASMO449, CSISO90, CSISO92JISC62991984B, CSISO99NAPLPS, CSISO103T618BIT, CSISO111ECMACYRILLIC, CSISO121CANADIAN1, CSISO122CANADIAN2, CSISO139CSN369103, CSISO141JUSIB1002, CSISO143IECP271, CSISO150, CSISO150GREEKCCITT, CSISO151CUBA, CSISO153GOST1976874, CSISO646DANISH, CSISO2022CN, CSISO2022JP, CSISO2022JP2, CSISO2022KR, CSISO2033, CSISO5427CYRILLIC, CSISO5427CYRILLIC1981, CSISO5428GREEK, CSISO10367BOX, CSISOLATIN1, CSISOLATIN2, CSISOLATIN3, CSISOLATIN4, CSISOLATIN5, CSISOLATIN6, CSISOLATINARABIC, CSISOLATINCYRILLIC, CSISOLATINGREEK, CSISOLATINHEBREW, CSKOI8R, CSKSC5636, CSMACINTOSH, CSNATSDANO, CSNATSSEFI, CSN_369103, CSPC8CODEPAGE437, CSPC775BALTIC, CSPC850MULTILINGUAL, CSPC862LATINHEBREW, CSPCP852, CSSHIFTJIS, CSUCS4, CSUNICODE, CSWINDOWS31J, CUBA, CWI-2, CWI, CYRILLIC, DE, DEC-MCS, DEC, DECMCS, DIN_66003, DK, DS2089, DS_2089, E13B, EBCDIC-AT-DE-A, EBCDIC-AT-DE, EBCDIC-BE, EBCDIC-BR, EBCDIC-CA-FR, EBCDIC-CP-AR1, EBCDIC-CP-AR2, EBCDIC-CP-BE, EBCDIC-CP-CA, EBCDIC-CP-CH, EBCDIC-CP-DK, EBCDIC-CP-ES, EBCDIC-CP-FI, EBCDIC-CP-FR, EBCDIC-CP-GB, EBCDIC-CP-GR, EBCDIC-CP-HE, EBCDIC-CP-IS, EBCDIC-CP-IT, EBCDIC-CP-NL, EBCDIC-CP-NO, EBCDIC-CP-ROECE, EBCDIC-CP-SE, EBCDIC-CP-TR, EBCDIC-CP-US, EBCDIC-CP-WT, EBCDIC-CP-YU, EBCDIC-CYRILLIC, EBCDIC-DK-NO-A, EBCDIC-DK-NO, EBCDIC-ES-A, EBCDIC-ES-S, EBCDIC-ES, EBCDIC-FI-SE-A, EBCDIC-FI-SE, EBCDIC-FR, EBCDIC-GREEK, EBCDIC-INT, EBCDIC-INT1, EBCDIC-IS-FRISS, EBCDIC-IT, EBCDIC-JP-E, EBCDIC-JP-KANA, EBCDIC-PT, EBCDIC-UK, EBCDIC-US, EBCDICATDE, EBCDICATDEA, EBCDICCAFR, EBCDICDKNO, EBCDICDKNOA, EBCDICES, EBCDICESA, EBCDICESS, EBCDICFISE, EBCDICFISEA, EBCDICFR, EBCDICISFRISS, EBCDICIT, EBCDICPT, EBCDICUK, EBCDICUS, ECMA-114, ECMA-118, ECMA-128, ECMA-CYRILLIC, ECMACYRILLIC, ELOT_928, ES, ES2, EUC-CN, EUC-JISX0213, EUC-JP-MS, EUC-JP, EUC-KR, EUC-TW, EUCCN, EUCJP-MS, EUCJP-OPEN, EUCJP-WIN, EUCJP, EUCKR, EUCTW, FI, FR, GB, GB2312, GB13000, GB18030, GBK, GB_1988-80, GB_198880, GEORGIAN-ACADEMY, GEORGIAN-PS, GOST_19768-74, GOST_19768, GOST_1976874, GREEK-CCITT, GREEK, GREEK7-OLD, GREEK7, GREEK7OLD, GREEK8, GREEKCCITT, HEBREW, HP-GREEK8, HP-ROMAN8, HP-ROMAN9, HP-THAI8, HP-TURKISH8, HPGREEK8, HPROMAN8, HPROMAN9, HPTHAI8, HPTURKISH8, HU, IBM-803, IBM-856, IBM-901, IBM-902, IBM-921, IBM-922, IBM-930, IBM-932, IBM-933, IBM-935, IBM-937, IBM-939, IBM-943, IBM-1008, IBM-1025, IBM-1046, IBM-1047, IBM-1097, IBM-1112, IBM-1122, IBM-1123, IBM-1124, IBM-1129, IBM-1130, IBM-1132, IBM-1133, IBM-1137, IBM-1140, IBM-1141, IBM-1142, IBM-1143, IBM-1144, IBM-1145, IBM-1146, IBM-1147, IBM-1148, IBM-1149, IBM-1153, IBM-1154, IBM-1155, IBM-1156, IBM-1157, IBM-1158, IBM-1160, IBM-1161, IBM-1162, IBM-1163, IBM-1164, IBM-1166, IBM-1167, IBM-1364, IBM-1371, IBM-1388, IBM-1390, IBM-1399, IBM-4517, IBM-4899, IBM-4909, IBM-4971, IBM-5347, IBM-9030, IBM-9066, IBM-9448, IBM-12712, IBM-16804, IBM037, IBM038, IBM256, IBM273, IBM274, IBM275, IBM277, IBM278, IBM280, IBM281, IBM284, IBM285, IBM290, IBM297, IBM367, IBM420, IBM423, IBM424, IBM437, IBM500, IBM775, IBM803, IBM813, IBM819, IBM848, IBM850, IBM851, IBM852, IBM855, IBM856, IBM857, IBM860, IBM861, IBM862, IBM863, IBM864, IBM865, IBM866, IBM866NAV, IBM868, IBM869, IBM870, IBM871, IBM874, IBM875, IBM880, IBM891, IBM901, IBM902, IBM903, IBM904, IBM905, IBM912, IBM915, IBM916, IBM918, IBM920, IBM921, IBM922, IBM930, IBM932, IBM933, IBM935, IBM937, IBM939, IBM943, IBM1004, IBM1008, IBM1025, IBM1026, IBM1046, IBM1047, IBM1089, IBM1097, IBM1112, IBM1122, IBM1123, IBM1124, IBM1129, IBM1130, IBM1132, IBM1133, IBM1137, IBM1140, IBM1141, IBM1142, IBM1143, IBM1144, IBM1145, IBM1146, IBM1147, IBM1148, IBM1149, IBM1153, IBM1154, IBM1155, IBM1156, IBM1157, IBM1158, IBM1160, IBM1161, IBM1162, IBM1163, IBM1164, IBM1166, IBM1167, IBM1364, IBM1371, IBM1388, IBM1390, IBM1399, IBM4517, IBM4899, IBM4909, IBM4971, IBM5347, IBM9030, IBM9066, IBM9448, IBM12712, IBM16804, IEC_P27-1, IEC_P271, INIS-8, INIS-CYRILLIC, INIS, INIS8, INISCYRILLIC, ISIRI-3342, ISIRI3342, ISO-2022-CN-EXT, ISO-2022-CN, ISO-2022-JP-2, ISO-2022-JP-3, ISO-2022-JP, ISO-2022-KR, ISO-8859-1, ISO-8859-2, ISO-8859-3, ISO-8859-4, ISO-8859-5, ISO-8859-6, ISO-8859-7, ISO-8859-8, ISO-8859-9, ISO-8859-9E, ISO-8859-10, ISO-8859-11, ISO-8859-13, ISO-8859-14, ISO-8859-15, ISO-8859-16, ISO-10646, ISO-10646/UCS2, ISO-10646/UCS4, ISO-10646/UTF-8, ISO-10646/UTF8, ISO-CELTIC, ISO-IR-4, ISO-IR-6, ISO-IR-8-1, ISO-IR-9-1, ISO-IR-10, ISO-IR-11, ISO-IR-14, ISO-IR-15, ISO-IR-16, ISO-IR-17, ISO-IR-18, ISO-IR-19, ISO-IR-21, ISO-IR-25, ISO-IR-27, ISO-IR-37, ISO-IR-49, ISO-IR-50, ISO-IR-51, ISO-IR-54, ISO-IR-55, ISO-IR-57, ISO-IR-60, ISO-IR-61, ISO-IR-69, ISO-IR-84, ISO-IR-85, ISO-IR-86, ISO-IR-88, ISO-IR-89, ISO-IR-90, ISO-IR-92, ISO-IR-98, ISO-IR-99, ISO-IR-100, ISO-IR-101, ISO-IR-103, ISO-IR-109, ISO-IR-110, ISO-IR-111, ISO-IR-121, ISO-IR-122, ISO-IR-126, ISO-IR-127, ISO-IR-138, ISO-IR-139, ISO-IR-141, ISO-IR-143, ISO-IR-144, ISO-IR-148, ISO-IR-150, ISO-IR-151, ISO-IR-153, ISO-IR-155, ISO-IR-156, ISO-IR-157, ISO-IR-166, ISO-IR-179, ISO-IR-193, ISO-IR-197, ISO-IR-199, ISO-IR-203, ISO-IR-209, ISO-IR-226, ISO/TR_11548-1, ISO646-CA, ISO646-CA2, ISO646-CN, ISO646-CU, ISO646-DE, ISO646-DK, ISO646-ES, ISO646-ES2, ISO646-FI, ISO646-FR, ISO646-FR1, ISO646-GB, ISO646-HU, ISO646-IT, ISO646-JP-OCR-B, ISO646-JP, ISO646-KR, ISO646-NO, ISO646-NO2, ISO646-PT, ISO646-PT2, ISO646-SE, ISO646-SE2, ISO646-US, ISO646-YU, ISO2022CN, ISO2022CNEXT, ISO2022JP, ISO2022JP2, ISO2022KR, ISO6937, ISO8859-1, ISO8859-2, ISO8859-3, ISO8859-4, ISO8859-5, ISO8859-6, ISO8859-7, ISO8859-8, ISO8859-9, ISO8859-9E, ISO8859-10, ISO8859-11, ISO8859-13, ISO8859-14, ISO8859-15, ISO8859-16, ISO11548-1, ISO88591, ISO88592, ISO88593, ISO88594, ISO88595, ISO88596, ISO88597, ISO88598, ISO88599, ISO88599E, ISO885910, ISO885911, ISO885913, ISO885914, ISO885915, ISO885916, ISO_646.IRV:1991, ISO_2033-1983, ISO_2033, ISO_5427-EXT, ISO_5427, ISO_5427:1981, ISO_5427EXT, ISO_5428, ISO_5428:1980, ISO_6937-2, ISO_6937-2:1983, ISO_6937, ISO_6937:1992, ISO_8859-1, ISO_8859-1:1987, ISO_8859-2, ISO_8859-2:1987, ISO_8859-3, ISO_8859-3:1988, ISO_8859-4, ISO_8859-4:1988, ISO_8859-5, ISO_8859-5:1988, ISO_8859-6, ISO_8859-6:1987, ISO_8859-7, ISO_8859-7:1987, ISO_8859-7:2003, ISO_8859-8, ISO_8859-8:1988, ISO_8859-9, ISO_8859-9:1989, ISO_8859-9E, ISO_8859-10, ISO_8859-10:1992, ISO_8859-14, ISO_8859-14:1998, ISO_8859-15, ISO_8859-15:1998, ISO_8859-16, ISO_8859-16:2001, ISO_9036, ISO_10367-BOX, ISO_10367BOX, ISO_11548-1, ISO_69372, IT, JIS_C6220-1969-RO, JIS_C6229-1984-B, JIS_C62201969RO, JIS_C62291984B, JOHAB, JP-OCR-B, JP, JS, JUS_I.B1.002, KOI-7, KOI-8, KOI8-R, KOI8-RU, KOI8-T, KOI8-U, KOI8, KOI8R, KOI8U, KSC5636, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L10, LATIN-9, LATIN-GREEK-1, LATIN-GREEK, LATIN1, LATIN2, LATIN3, LATIN4, LATIN5, LATIN6, LATIN7, LATIN8, LATIN10, LATINGREEK, LATINGREEK1, MAC-CENTRALEUROPE, MAC-CYRILLIC, MAC-IS, MAC-SAMI, MAC-UK, MAC, MACCYRILLIC, MACINTOSH, MACIS, MACUK, MACUKRAINIAN, MIK, MS-ANSI, MS-ARAB, MS-CYRL, MS-EE, MS-GREEK, MS-HEBR, MS-MAC-CYRILLIC, MS-TURK, MS932, MS936, MSCP949, MSCP1361, MSMACCYRILLIC, MSZ_7795.3, MS_KANJI, NAPLPS, NATS-DANO, NATS-SEFI, NATSDANO, NATSSEFI, NC_NC0010, NC_NC00-10, NC_NC00-10:81, NF_Z_62-010, NF_Z_62-010_(1973), NF_Z_62-010_1973, NF_Z_62010, NF_Z_62010_1973, NO, NO2, NS_4551-1, NS_4551-2, NS_45511, NS_45512, OS2LATIN1, OSF00010001, OSF00010002, OSF00010003, OSF00010004, OSF00010005, OSF00010006, OSF00010007, OSF00010008, OSF00010009, OSF0001000A, OSF00010020, OSF00010100, OSF00010101, OSF00010102, OSF00010104, OSF00010105, OSF00010106, OSF00030010, OSF0004000A, OSF0005000A, OSF05010001, OSF100201A4, OSF100201A8, OSF100201B5, OSF100201F4, OSF100203B5, OSF1002011C, OSF1002011D, OSF1002035D, OSF1002035E, OSF1002035F, OSF1002036B, OSF1002037B, OSF10010001, OSF10010004, OSF10010006, OSF10020025, OSF10020111, OSF10020115, OSF10020116, OSF10020118, OSF10020122, OSF10020129, OSF10020352, OSF10020354, OSF10020357, OSF10020359, OSF10020360, OSF10020364, OSF10020365, OSF10020366, OSF10020367, OSF10020370, OSF10020387, OSF10020388, OSF10020396, OSF10020402, OSF10020417, PT, PT2, PT154, R8, R9, RK1048, ROMAN8, ROMAN9, RUSCII, SE, SE2, SEN_850200_B, SEN_850200_C, SHIFT-JIS, SHIFT_JIS, SHIFT_JISX0213, SJIS-OPEN, SJIS-WIN, SJIS, SS636127, STRK1048-2002, ST_SEV_358-88, T.61-8BIT, T.61, T.618BIT, TCVN-5712, TCVN, TCVN5712-1, TCVN5712-1:1993, THAI8, TIS-620, TIS620-0, TIS620.2529-1, TIS620.2533-0, TIS620, TS-5881, TSCII, TURKISH8, UCS-2, UCS-2BE, UCS-2LE, UCS-4, UCS-4BE, UCS-4LE, UCS2, UCS4, UHC, UJIS, UK, UNICODE, UNICODEBIG, UNICODELITTLE, US-ASCII, US, UTF-7, UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-16BE, UTF-16LE, UTF-32, UTF-32BE, UTF-32LE, UTF7, UTF8, UTF16, UTF16BE, UTF16LE, UTF32, UTF32BE, UTF32LE, VISCII, WCHAR_T, WIN-SAMI-2, WINBALTRIM, WINDOWS-31J, WINDOWS-874, WINDOWS-936, WINDOWS-1250, WINDOWS-1251, WINDOWS-1252, WINDOWS-1253, WINDOWS-1254, WINDOWS-1255, WINDOWS-1256, WINDOWS-1257, WINDOWS-1258, WINSAMI2, WS2, YU

The first parameter, finput-charset, is the charset used to read the source code files… The second one, fexec-charset, is the used to store the strings and character constants in the executable file, so they will be shown correctly while running…

So, assuming you’re writing your source files in iso-8859-1 (the most common charset on Windows platforms) and want to show them while running in cp437 (the DOS console charset), we could call the compiler like this:

g++ TestChars.cpp -o TestChars.exe -finput-charset=iso-8859-1 -fexec-charset=cp437

And what do we expect to get?

Por favor ingrese su contraseña: contraseña

Su contraseña es inválida, por favor verifíquela e inténtelo nuevamente. Ha ingresado: 'contraseña'.

Everything worked just the way we expected!

Now, finally, I’ll show how to configure these command line options for the wxDev IDE…

First of all, I must say there are two ways to set compiler options: global options and project options… As you may imagine, the first ones are applied to every compiled project, while the latter just get applied to the currently opened project (they are set in a per project basis)…

To set the parameters in the global compiler options you must got to the Tools menu and then open the Compiler Options item…

After that, you simply enter the following string (the parameters) into the “Add the following commands when calling compiler” box:

-finput-charset=iso-8859-1 -fexec-charset=cp437

If there are already other parameters configured, you should append them…

They will be sent to both the C compiler and the C++ compiler…

The other alternative is to set the same parameters in the project options…

First, we open the project options… Either going to Project->Project Options or right clicking the project and going to “Project Options”…

Then, we go to the Parameters page and paste the parameters string in the two compiler boxes… Both parameters can be entered either in a single line or broken apart… Just as before, if there are already other parameters configured, you should append them…

Whell, that’s all… Most IDEs will have similar options!

Incoming search terms for the article:

Simple C++ List Class

NeoEGM — Tue, 18 Aug 2009 20:55:36 +0000

Just as I published some days ago the Simple C++ String Class as a C++ learning exercise, now I am freeing a Simple C++ List Class.

The standard library has a list class. But, while learning, it’s a good idea to know how to develop your own list class.

That’s why I made the List class. It’s not intended for professional projects (for them, you should use the standard library’s list), but as help to learn C++.

template class List { /* ... */ public: //Construction and destruction List() { /* ... */ } ~List() { /* ... */ } List(const List& rlList) { /* ... */ } //Assignment operator List& operator=(const List& rlList); //Information int Length() { /* ... */ } bool Empty() { /* ... */ } //Element managing int Add(TYPE& rtData); TYPE* Elem(int nPos); bool Delete(int nPos); void DeleteAll(); //Search int Find(TYPE& rItem, int nStartAt = 0); //Operadores TYPE& operator[](int nPos) { /* ... */ } //Elem int operator<<(TYPE& rdData) { /* ... */ } //Add protected: void FreeList(); void Init() { /* ... */ } }; //Output template std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& oStream, List& rlList);

This is a sample project made to explain the List class usage.

#include using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl; #include "List.h" #include "String.h" int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { cout << "List sample project" << endl; cout << "-------------------" << endl << endl; //----------------------------- cout << "> Creating a list of strings... An empty string finishes the list..." << endl << endl; List lStrings; String sTmp; do { cout << "> String " << lStrings.Length()+1 << ": "; cin >> sTmp; if (sTmp.Length()) lStrings.Add(sTmp); } while (sTmp.Length()); cout << endl << "> Entry finished. " << lStrings.Length() << " string(s) loaded." << endl << endl; cout << "> Printing list..." << endl << endl; cout << lStrings; cout << endl; //----------------------------- //----------------------------- do { cout << "> Type a string to find in the list (exact match) [empty = end]: "; cin >> sTmp; if (sTmp.Length()) { int nFound = lStrings.Find(sTmp); if (nFound != -1) { lStrings.Delete(nFound); cout << "> String \"" << sTmp << "\" found at position " << nFound+1 << " and removed." << endl << endl; cout << "> Printing list..." << endl << endl; if (!lStrings.Empty()) cout << lStrings; else { cout << "[Empty list]" << endl << endl; break; } } else cout << "> String \"" << sTmp << "\" not found." << endl; } cout << endl; } while (sTmp.Length()); cout << endl; //----------------------------- //----------------------------- cout << "> Now getting a bit more complex... Let's create a list of lists of strings... An empty string finishes the list and an empty first string finishes the list of lists..." << endl << endl; List< List > lLists; List lTmpList; int nStrings = 0; do { lTmpList.DeleteAll(); cout << "> Loading list " << lLists.Length()+1 << "..." << endl; do { cout << "\t> String " << lTmpList.Length()+1 << ": "; cin >> sTmp; if (sTmp.Length()) { lTmpList.Add(sTmp); nStrings++; } } while (sTmp.Length()); if (lTmpList.Length()) lLists.Add(lTmpList); } while (lTmpList.Length()); cout << endl << "> Entry finished. " << lLists.Length() << " list(s) loaded, " << nStrings << " string(s) loaded." << endl << endl << endl; cout << "> Printing lists (standard method)..." << endl << endl; cout << lLists; cout << endl; cout << "> Printing lists (custom method)..." << endl << endl; for (int i = 0; i < lLists.Length(); i++) { List *plList = lLists.Elem(i); if (plList) { cout << "- List " << i << endl << endl; cout << *plList; cout << endl; } } //----------------------------- return 0; }

And this is its output:

List sample project ------------------- > Creating a list of strings... An empty string finishes the list... > String 1: Test 1 > String 2: Test 2 > String 3: Test 3, a little bit longer > String 4: > Entry finished. 3 string(s) loaded. > Printing list... Test 1 Test 2 Test 3, a little bit longer > Type a string to find in the list (exact match) [empty = end]: Hello > String "Hello" not found. > Type a string to find in the list (exact match) [empty = end]: Test 1 > String "Test 1" found at position 1 and removed. > Printing list... Test 2 Test 3, a little bit longer > Type a string to find in the list (exact match) [empty = end]: Test 1 > String "Test 1" not found. > Type a string to find in the list (exact match) [empty = end]: test 2 > String "test 2" not found. > Type a string to find in the list (exact match) [empty = end]: Test 2 > String "Test 2" found at position 1 and removed. > Printing list... Test 3, a little bit longer > Type a string to find in the list (exact match) [empty = end]: Test 3, a little bit longer > String "Test 3, a little bit longer" found at position 1 and removed. > Printing list... [Empty list] > Now getting a bit more complex... Let's create a list of lists of strings... An empty string finishes the list and an empty first string finishes the list of lists... > Loading list 1... > String 1: Test 1a > String 2: Test 1b > String 3: Test 1c > String 4: > Loading list 2... > String 1: Test 2a > String 2: Test 2b > String 3: Test 2c > String 4: Test 2d > String 5: > Loading list 3... > String 1: Test 3a > String 2: Test 3b > String 3: This is a looooooooooooooooooooooong string > String 4: > Loading list 4... > String 1: > Entry finished. 3 list(s) loaded, 10 string(s) loaded. > Printing lists (standard method)... Test 1a Test 1b Test 1c Test 2a Test 2b Test 2c Test 2d Test 3a Test 3b This is a looooooooooooooooooooooong string > Printing lists (custom method)... - List 0 Test 1a Test 1b Test 1c - List 1 Test 2a Test 2b Test 2c Test 2d - List 2 Test 3a Test 3b This is a looooooooooooooooooooooong string

This project also uses the Simple C++ String Class to show the List class working with custom classes. Exactly the same code could be without problem by simply replacing “String” with “string” and including the standard library’s string header.

The code completely is portable.

It’s been developed, compiled and tested using wxDev-C++ for Windows with the MinGW compiler (included in the bundle).

List is licensed under the GNU GPL v3 (attached)…

I’ve also tested the project for memory leaks using the cppMemDbg – Easy to use C++ memory leak detection library and it found no problems at all…

You can download the library output and the cppMemDbg adapted project here:

Download cppMemDbg Output

Download Adapted Project 1.0

Now, finally, the download links:

Download List Class 1.0

Download List Sample Project 1.0

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Attendance Control

Simple C++ String Class

NeoEGM — Sun, 09 Aug 2009 14:12:15 +0000

Every C++ programmer knows that the standard library has a string class. But, while learning, it’s a good idea to know how to develop your own string class.

That’s why I made the String class. It’s not intended for professional projects (for them, you should use the standard library’s string), but as help to learn C++.

class String { char *m_pszString; //Allocated buffer int m_nAllocated; //Allocated length public: //Construction and destruction String() { /* ... */ } ~String() { /* ... */ } //Copy constructors String(const char *pszString) { /* ... */ } String(const String& rsString) { /* ... */ } //Operators (assignment) String& operator=(const char *pszString); String& operator=(const String& rsString) { /* ... */ } //Operators (concatenation) String& operator+=(const char *pszString); String& operator+=(String& rsString) { /* ... */ } String operator+(String rsString); //Operators (comparison) bool operator<(String sString) { /* ... */ } bool operator<=(String sString) { /* ... */ } bool operator>(String sString) { /* ... */ } bool operator>=(String sString) { /* ... */ } bool operator==(String sString) { /* ... */ } bool operator!=(String sString) { /* ... */ } //Operations void Clear(); String Lower() { /* ... */ } String Upper() { /* ... */ } //Information int Length() { /* ... */ } //Cast operators operator const char*() { /* ... */ } protected: //Helper functions /* ... */ }; //Output e input std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& oStream, String& rsString); std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& iStream, String& rsString);

This is a sample project made to explain the String class usage.

#include using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl; #include "String.h" using namespace std; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { cout << "String sample project" << endl; cout << "---------------------" << endl << endl; String a("This"), b("is"), c("a"), d("test"); String e = a + " " + b + " " + c + " " + d; cout << "String parts:" << endl; cout << '\t' << a << endl; cout << '\t' << b << endl; cout << '\t' << c << endl; cout << '\t' << d << endl << endl; cout << "Concatenated with spaces:" << endl; cout << '\t' << e << endl << endl; String f, g; cout << "Please input a string (empty to break): "; cin >> f; cout << "Please input other string (empty to break): "; cin >> g; cout << endl; cout << "1st string (" << f << ") is " << f.Length() << " chars long." << endl; cout << "2nd string (" << g << ") is " << g.Length() << " chars long." << endl; cout << endl; cout << "1st string in lowercase is " << f.Lower() << endl; cout << "1st string in uppercase is " << f.Upper() << endl << endl; cout << "2nd string in lowercase is " << g.Lower() << endl; cout << "2nd string in uppercase is " << g.Upper() << endl << endl; cout << "1 < 2\t=> " << (f " << (f<=g?"true":"false") << endl; cout << "1 > 2\t=> " << (f>g?"true":"false") << endl; cout << "1 >= 2\t=> " << (f>=g?"true":"false") << endl; cout << "1 == 2\t=> " << (f==g?"true":"false") << endl; cout << "1 != 2\t=> " << (f!=g?"true":"false") << endl << endl; if (f == g) cout << "Strings are equal." << endl; else cout << "Strings are not equal." << endl; cout << endl; cout << "1+2\t=> " << f+g << endl; cout << "2+1\t=> " << g+f << endl; cout << endl; return 0; }

And this is its output:

String sample project --------------------- String parts: This is a test Concatenated with spaces: This is a test Please input a string (empty to break): Hello, string 1 Please input other string (empty to break): Phrase 2 1st string (Hello, string 1) is 15 chars long. 2nd string (Phrase 2) is 8 chars long. 1st string in lowercase is hello, string 1 1st string in uppercase is HELLO, STRING 1 2nd string in lowercase is phrase 2 2nd string in uppercase is PHRASE 2 1 < 2 => false 1 <= 2 => false 1 > 2 => true 1 >= 2 => true 1 == 2 => false 1 != 2 => true Strings are not equal. 1+2 => Hello, string 1Phrase 2 2+1 => Phrase 2Hello, string 1

The code completely is portable.

It’s been developed, compiled and tested using wxDev-C++ for Windows with the MinGW compiler (included in the bundle).

String is licensed under the GNU GPL v3 (attached)…

Now the download links:

Download String Class 1.0

Download String Sample Project 1.0

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cppMemDbg – Easy to use C++ memory leak detection library

cppMemDbg – Easy to use C++ memory leak detection library

NeoEGM — Sat, 08 Aug 2009 11:51:13 +0000

This library is the C++ sequel to the cMemDbg.

Just as the cMemDbg, it is a very easy to use library which can help you to detect and track memory leaks.

Its usage is very similar to the cMemDbg, but with support for the C++ operators (new, new[], delete and delete[]).

There are lots of solutions for this on the net, but this one has the particularity of being really simple to implement.

>new 003D26D8 36 [Main.cpp:127] >new 003D2708 36 [Main.cpp:128] >ERROR Bad free type free => delete 003D2708 36 (Main.cpp:128) >free 003D2708 36 (Main.cpp:128) [Main.cpp:129] >free 003D2708 0 [Main.cpp:130] >ERROR Trying to free unallocated memory: 003D2708 [Main.cpp:130] >delete[] 003D3EB0 7 (String.cpp:59) [String.h:41] [...] >delete[] 003D24F0 4 (String.cpp:59) [String.h:41] >delete 003D2490 40 (Lista.h:120) [Lista.h:112] >INFO PROBLEM: Memory leak found (36 bytes) >INFO Unfreed block 003D26D8 36 [Main.cpp:127]

You just have to add the following include to your main include file (a file that gets included by each file of your project) or, in case you don’t have one, to each file that calls any memory allocation function (malloc, realloc, calloc, free, new, new[], delete or delete[]).

This is the line:

#include "cMemDbg.h"

There are two extra cautions you have to take into account:
1- Include it after the standard headers (stdio.h, stdlib.h, malloc.h, etc.).
2- Never call the delete (or delete[]) operator without knowing if its argument is NULL. So: “delete a;” should become “if (a) delete a;”. Otherwise, the library may show incorrect messages.

That’s all… Expecting more? Well, there is a final step… You have to make this call just before you exit your program so you can get the detailed conclusions:

PrintMemoryLeakInfo();

By default, the library output will go to stdout (normally the console screen). If you want to redirect it to a file, you can call the InitCPPMemDbg() function. This is its prototype:

void InitCPPMemDbg(const char *pszOutputPath = NULL);

Other option, to simplify, is to create a global object of the “cppMemDbg” type at the beginning of the global declarations. You can pass a file path to the constructor to redirect the output. It will call InitCPPMemDbg (to setup the redirect) at construction and PrintMemoryLeakInfo() at destruction.

Simply like this:

cppMemDbg cDbg;

Or, with redirection:

cppMemDbg cDbg("mylocalfile.txt");

Easy, not?

That was all… Really.

The code completely is portable.

cppMemDbg is licensed under the GNU GPL v3 (attached)…

Now, before going to more “expert” features, I’ll leave here the link to download the library for the ones who don’t wish to keep reading:

Download cppMemDbg 1.0

Now let’s continue…

The library comes with three configurable settings (available in cppMemDbg.cpp):

PRINT_OPERATIONS: If set to 1, it will print to the configured output (stdout by default) each memory alloc operation done in the program (allocation or free). Otherwise, the library will just print problems and notifications and the final dump. [Default value = 1]

MAX_ALLOC: Internal library memory stack length (in elements). It is the max amount of allocations that can be tracked without being freed. You can increase this value at will if needed. In fact, if it is needed, the library will print a message saying: “INTERNAL_ERROR: Allocation stack overflow, please increase MAX_ALLOC”. [Default value = 256]

g_fFile: FILE* to print the library generated notifications to. [Default value = stdout]

MAX_DELETE_STACK: Internal library delete nesting stack array length (in elements). It is the max amount of deletes that can be nested. You can increase this value at will if needed. In fact, if it is needed, the library will print a message saying: “INTERNAL_ERROR: Delete stack overflow, please increase MAX_DELETE_STACK”. [Default value = 16]

Finally, there are two more functions you could use wherever needed:

PrintTotalAllocatedMemory(): Prints the accumulative amount of memory allocated at the moment of the call.

PrintMemoryReservedByCMemDbgLibrary(): Prints the amount of memory reserved by the library (defined at compilation time by the MAX_ALLOC constant).

That’s all… I said it was easy to use.

Anyway, if after reading the cppMemDbg.h file’s comments, you have any questions, comments or suggestions, please feel free to contact me.

Here is the Attendance Control project modified to test it for memory leaks and allocation/deallocation problems with the cppMemDbg library:

Download sample project

The code is portable between Linux and Windows (I’ve tested it myself on both platforms and it worked seamlessly).

It’s been developed, compiled and tested using wxDev-C++ for Windows with the MinGW compiler (included in the bundle). In Linux, it was compiled using the GNU GCC compiler.

It is configured to send the output to the “TestMemDbg.txt” file in the working directory. This is the relevant piece of the Main.cpp file:

//... #include "ControlDeAsistencia.h" #include "BasicFunctions.h" #include #include "cppMemDbg.h" cppMemDbg cDbg("TestMemDbg.txt"); //...

And this is its successful output (the real output es tabbed to make it easier the analysis en a spreadsheet software):

>new[] 003D3F58 14 [String.cpp:59] >new[] 003D2438 14 [String.cpp:59] >delete[] 003D3F58 14 (String.cpp:59) [String.h:41] >new[] 003D3EB0 7 [String.cpp:59] >new[] 003D2450 7 [String.cpp:59] [...] >delete[] 003D2558 4 (String.cpp:59) [String.h:41] >delete[] 003D24F0 4 (String.cpp:59) [String.h:41] >delete 003D2490 40 (Lista.h:120) [Lista.h:112] >INFO No memory leaks detected

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Attendance Control (wxWidgets Version)

NeoEGM — Fri, 31 Jul 2009 21:00:25 +0000

wxAttendanceControl is a GUI version of Attendance Control.

It’s been prepared as a further introduction exercise to the wxWidgets GUI (Graphical User Interface) usage (the basic introduction exercise was the Celsius to Fahrenheit application).

For the complete exercise explanation please visit the original Attendance Control exercise.

Since the code of the console project was written trying to make it encapsulated and portable, we re-utilized as most of the files that we could. For a detailed description of the files utilized, look at the “Files.xls” file on the source code package.

What’s next will be a very similar overview to the original one, but with the wxWidgets Version screens.

When you first start the program, you can only log in as admin (-1234:prueba)…

Then, you’ll get to the administration menu:

The next step should be registering the different users using the first option:

After that, they’ll be able to sign in themselves:

So they’ll get into the attendance screen to record their actions:

Each of them ’till they go back to home…

When any administrator wants to watch the full listing of users and actions, he simply logs in and goes to the second button of the administration menu:

It’s simply the same text that appeared on the console version. But, now you have a second option (third button):

If he wants, he can save that information to a file by using, instead, the fourth button:

Or the fifth:

Finally, he can close the program by going to the sixth button (losing all the data)…

That’s all…

Now, like I’ve done before, I’ll leave the links.

The code should be portable, but I’ve only tried it on Windows.

It’s been developed, compiled and tested using wxDev-C++ for Windows with the MinGW compiler (included in the bundle).

wxControlAsistencia is licensed under the GNU GPL v3 (attached)…

Download wxControlAsistencia v1.01

Download v1.01 Source Code

Update: minor bug in String.cpp fixed => version 1.01

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Celsius to Fahrenheit

NeoEGM — Thu, 30 Jul 2009 22:00:33 +0000

If you just want to convert temperatures by using a website, you should visit the online celsius to fahrenheit conversion tool. Otherwise, keep reading…

This is a very tiny and simple application I’ve written to teach the basic usage of wxWidgets as an introduction to GUI (Graphical User Interfaces).

Its purpose is just what it’s name says: converting from celsius degrees to fahrenheit degrees (and sideways).

These are the two formulas needed to make the program (in fact one is derived from the other, but for the sake of simplicity, I’m leaving both):

Tcelsius = (5/9) * (Tfahrenheit - 32) Tfahrenheit = (9/5) * Tcelsius + 32

It’s been developed, compiled and tested using wxDev-C++ for Windows with the MinGW compiler (included in the bundle).

The code should be portable, but I haven’t tested it myself on other platforms.

CelsiusAFahrenheit is licensed under the GNU GPL v3 (attached)…

Download CelsiusAFahrenheit v1.0

Download v1.0 Source Code

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Attendance Control (wxWidgets Version)

Attendance Control

Attendance Control

NeoEGM — Wed, 29 Jul 2009 21:00:42 +0000

“Attendance Control” is a console application made as an exercise to integrate the different C++ concepts taught in class up to the middle of the year.

The main objective is to be able to develop a employee attendance control which records the times (and justifications, if corresponding) of each time the employees arrive, go to lunch, return from lunch and go back to home.

Sistema de control de asistencia de personal -------------------------------------------- DNI:

The complete wording says:

Develop an employee attendance control system (for later verification of absences and late arrivals with their corresponding justifications) and its managemente private part (user registration and gathered data visualization).

The main screen must staywaiting for ID [DNI] and password.

There must be a preset admin user with DNI = -1234 and Password = prueba.

In case of being an administrator user, you’ll be able to access the management part, with the following options:

1- Alta de usuario [New user]
2- Lista de usuarios (datos adquiridos) [User list (gathered data)]
3- Salida a archivo [Output to file]
4- Cerrar la aplicación [Close the application]
0- Volver a la pantalla principal [Back to the main screen]

Otherwise, it will be asked which kind of action are you about to do (Arrival [Ingreso], return to home [Salida], lunch [Salida a almuerzo] or return from lunch [Retorno de almuerzo]) and its justification in case it corresponds, and they will be recorded along with the current time in a “Events” record of the corresponding user.

The user required data is:
DNI [ID]
Nombre completo [Full name]
Contraseña [Password]
Si es administrador [Whether it is administrator]
Eventos relacionados [Related events]

It’s desired to use as a base the class “PersonaBasica” [Basic person] which has already been developed by the IT department, whose header file “PersonaBasica.h” is attached below:

#include "String.h" #include class PersonaBasica { String m_sNombreCompleto; long m_nDNI; public: //Construcción PersonaBasica() { m_nDNI = 0; } //Encapsulaciones long DNI() const { return m_nDNI; } void DNI(long val) { m_nDNI = val; } String NombreCompleto() const { return m_sNombreCompleto; } void NombreCompleto(String val) { m_sNombreCompleto = val; } }; std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& oStream, PersonaBasica& rpPersonaBasica);

Note: the lengths of the data to be registered is completely unknown and rumors are circulating that the users are used to write pretty elaborate justifications.

When you first start the program, you can only log in as admin (-1234:prueba)…

Sistema de control de asistencia de personal -------------------------------------------- DNI: -1234 Contraseña: prueba Usuario "Administrador" reconocido. Presione una tecla para continuar...

Then, you’ll get to the administration menu:

Sistema de control de asistencia de personal (ADMNISTRACION) ------------------------------------------------------------ 1- Alta de usuario 2- Lista de usuarios (datos adquiridos) 3- Salida a archivo 4- Cerrar la aplicación 0- Volver a la pantalla principal Ingrese la opción deseada:

The next step should be registering the different users using the first option:

Sistema de control de asistencia de personal (Alta de usuario) -------------------------------------------------------------- DNI: 12345678 Nombre completo: Pedro Gutierrez Password: 123bbb Administrador [1 = Sí/0 = No]: 0 Persona agregada satisfatoriamente. Presione una tecla para continuar...

After that, they’ll be able to sign in themselves:

Sistema de control de asistencia de personal -------------------------------------------- DNI: 12345678 Contraseña: 123bbb Usuario "Pedro Gutierrez" reconocido. Presione una tecla para continuar...

So they’ll get into the attendance screen to record their actions:

Asistencia de "Pedro Gutierrez" ------------------------------- Tipo de asistencia: 1- Ingreso 2- Salida 3- Salida a almorzar 4- Vuelta de almorzar Selección: 1 Justificación (si corresponde): Llegué tarde porque había corte de calles. Evento agregado satisfactoriamente. Presione una tecla para continuar...

Each of them ’till they go back to home…

Asistencia de "Pedro Gutierrez" ------------------------------- Tipo de asistencia: 1- Ingreso 2- Salida 3- Salida a almorzar 4- Vuelta de almorzar Selección: 2 Justificación (si corresponde): Me voy más temprano porque tengo que llevar a mi hijo al médico. Evento agregado satisfactoriamente. Presione una tecla para continuar...

When any administrator wants to watch the full listing of users and actions, he simply logs in and goes to the second option of the administration menu:

Sistema de control de asistencia de personal (Lista de usuarios) ------------------------------------------------------ DNI: -1234 Nombre completo: Administrador Password: ******** Administrador: 1 Cantidad de eventos: 0 Eventos: [Esta persona no posee eventos] DNI: 12345678 Nombre completo: Pedro Gutierrez Password: ******** Administrador: 0 Cantidad de eventos: 4 Eventos: Hora: 28/07/2009 14:13:27 Tipo: Ingreso Justificación: Llegué tarde porque había corte de calles. Hora: 28/07/2009 14:14:23 Tipo: Salida a almorzar Justificación: Hora: 28/07/2009 14:14:44 Tipo: Vuelta de almorzar Justificación: Hora: 28/07/2009 14:14:52 Tipo: Salida Justificación: Me voy más temprano porque tengo que llevar a mi hijo al médico. Presione una tecla para continuar...

If he wants, he can save that information to a file by using, instead, the third option:

Sistema de control de asistencia de personal (ADMNISTRACION) ------------------------------------------------------------ 1- Alta de usuario 2- Lista de usuarios (datos adquiridos) 3- Salida a archivo 4- Cerrar la aplicación 0- Volver a la pantalla principal Ingrese la opción deseada: 3 Ingrese la ruta del archivo a guardar: c:asistencia.txt Archivo guardado satisfactoriamente Presione una tecla para continuar...

Finally, he can close the program by going to the fourth option (losing all the data)…

Sistema de control de asistencia de personal (ADMNISTRACION) ------------------------------------------------------------ 1- Alta de usuario 2- Lista de usuarios (datos adquiridos) 3- Salida a archivo 4- Cerrar la aplicación 0- Volver a la pantalla principal Ingrese la opción deseada: 4 Saliendo de la aplicación... Presione una tecla para continuar...

That’s the idea of the application…

Now I’ll leave the links for the ones who don’t want to solve it themselves (or the ones who just want to run it and watch it work).

The code is portable between Linux and Windows (I’ve tested it myself on both platforms and it worked seamlessly).

It’s been developed, compiled and tested using wxDev-C++ for Windows with the MinGW compiler (included in the bundle). In Linux, it was compiled using the GNU GCC compiler.

ControlAsistencia is licensed under the GNU GPL v3 (attached)…

Download ControlAsistencia v1.02

Download v1.02 Source Code

Update: minor bug in String.cpp fixed => version 1.01

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cMemDbg – Easy to use C memory leak detection library

NeoEGM — Mon, 06 Apr 2009 18:42:07 +0000

After some time working with C, I decided to develop a very easy to use library which can help you to detect and track memory leaks.

There are lots of solutions for this on the net, but this one has the particularity of being really simple to implement.

You just have to add the following include to your main include file (a file that gets included by each file of your project) or, in case you don’t have one, to each file that calls any memory allocation function (malloc, realloc, calloc or free). The only extra caution you have to take into account is to include it after the standard headers (stdio.h, stdlib.h, malloc.h, etc.).

This is the line:

#include "cMemDbg.h"

That’s all… Expecting more? Well, there is a final step… You have to make this call just before you exit your program so you can get the detailed conclusions:

PrintMemoryLeakInfo();

Easy, not?

That was all… Really.

Now, before going to more “expert” features, I’ll leave here the link to download the library for the ones who don’t wish to keep reading:

Download cMemDbg 1.0

Now let’s continue…

The library comes with three configurable settings (available in cMemDbg.c):

PRINT_OPERATIONS: If set to 1, it will print to the configured output (stdout by default) each memory alloc operation done in the program (allocation or free). Otherwise, the library will just print problems and notifications and the final dump. [Default value = 1]

MAX_ALLOC: Internal library memory stack length (in elements). It is the max amount of allocations that can be tracked without being freed. You can increase this value at will if needed. In fact, if it is needed, the library will print a message saying: “INTERNAL_ERROR: Allocation stack overflow, please increase MAX_ALLOC”. [Default value = 256]

PRINT_OUTPUT: Location to print the library generated notifications (can be any stream/file in which you could print using fprintf). [Default value = stdout]

Finally, there are two more functions you could use wherever needed:

PrintTotalAllocatedMemory(): Prints the accumulative amount of memory allocated at the moment of the call.

PrintMemoryReservedByCMemDbgLibrary(): Prints the amount of memory reserved by the library (defined at compilation time by the MAX_ALLOC constant).

That’s all… I said it was easy to use.

Anyway, if after reading the cMemDbg.h files’ comments, you have any questions, comments or suggestions, please feel free to contact me.

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